In most cases, testicular cancer can be cured if the person seeks medical treatment early. Surgical removal of the affected testicle orchidectomy is usually the first treatment for all testicular cancer. Testicles are easily injured because they are not protected by muscle or bone. The main types of possible injuries include:.
A doctor can assess injuries to the testicles by physical examination and ultrasound. If the testicles seem normal, the doctor may prescribe pain-relieving medication. Even without an ultrasound, a surgeon may choose to explore the testicle, particularly in cases of possible testicular torsion.
Surgery is usually performed under a general anaesthetic. Significant injury to the testicles may require surgical exploration and repair or, potentially, removal of the affected testis.
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In rare cases, your doctor may be able to untwist the spermatic cord by hand. Surgery is performed as quickly as possible to restore blood flow to the testicles. If blood flow is cut off for more than six hours, testicular tissue can die. The affected testicle would then need to be removed. Surgical detorsion is performed under general anesthesia. Your doctor will make a small incision in your scrotum and untwist the cord. Tiny sutures will be used to keep the testicle in place in the scrotum.
This prevents rotation from occurring again. The surgeon then closes the incision with stitches. As with any surgical procedure, you may have discomfort after surgery. Your doctor will recommend or prescribe the most appropriate pain medication. After surgery, you can expect your scrotum to be swollen for two to four weeks. You can use an ice pack several times a day for 10 to 20 minutes. The incision made during surgery may also ooze fluid for one to two days.
Make sure to keep the area clean by washing gently with warm, soapy water. Your doctor will recommend refraining from certain types of activities for several weeks following surgery. These include sexual activity and stimulation, such as masturbation and intercourse. Make sure to get plenty of rest to allow your body to fully recover. Walking a little bit each day will help increase blood flow to the area, supporting recovery.
Testicular torsion is an emergency requiring immediate care. When not treated quickly, or at all, this condition can result in severe complications. Gangrene is a potentially life-threatening infection.
It can spread rapidly throughout your body, leading to shock. If damage occurs to both testicles, infertility will result. The loss of one testicle can create a cosmetic deformity which may cause emotional upset.
This can, however, be addressed with the insertion of a testicular prosthesis. Untreated testicular torsion can result in testicular atrophy , causing the testicle to shrink significantly in size. An atrophied testicle can become unable to produce sperm. If left untreated for more than several hours, the testicle may become severely damaged, requiring its removal.
After 24 hours, the chances of saving the testicle drop to 10 percent. It happens when the spermatic cord, which provides blood flow to the testicle, rotates and becomes twisted. The twisting cuts off the testicle's blood supply and causes sudden pain and swelling.
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If the spermatic cord is twisted while the scrotum is loose, the sudden contraction that results from the abrupt temperature change can trap the testicle in that position. The result is a testicular torsion.
Sometimes, testicular torsion happens before birth. In this case, the testicle cannot normally be saved, but correctional surgery is recommended after birth to diagnose and correct testicular torsion in the other testicle and to prevent future reproductive problems.
The man may also notice that one testicle is positioned higher than normal or at an odd angle. The affected testicle may become larger, and it may become red or dark in color. Symptoms usually appear suddenly, although in some cases, the torsion can develop over a few days. It is important to seek emergency care for sudden or severe testicle pain.
The signs and symptoms may be caused by another condition, but prompt treatment can prevent severe damage or loss of the testicle if it is testicular torsion. If there is sudden testicle pain that goes away without treatment, it may be that a testicle has twisted and then untwisted without intervention.
This is known as intermittent torsion and detorsion. Even if the testicle untwists on its own, it is important to seek prompt medical help, because surgery may be needed to prevent the problem from happening again. The doctor will examine the scrotum, testicles, abdomen, and groin and will ask questions about symptoms to find out whether the problem is testicular torsion or another condition.
This normally causes the testicle to contract. This reflex probably will not occur if there is testicular torsion. If the diagnosis is uncertain, a urologist will be consulted immediately, to avoid compromising the health of the testicle. Exploratory surgery may be necessary to identify whether symptoms are caused by testicular torsion or another condition.
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