Pregnant women and people who have weak immune systems are at highest risk of contracting a listeria infection. Pregnant women are much more susceptible to listeria infections than are other healthy adults.
Although a listeria infection might cause only a mild illness in pregnant women, consequences for their babies can include:. Most listeria infections are so mild they can go unnoticed. However, in some cases, a listeria infection can lead to life-threatening complications, including:. If you're pregnant or you have a weak immune system, be particularly cautious about listeria.
Take additional precautions with these types of foods:. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version.
This content does not have an Arabic version. See the steps you can take to protect your health. Listeria can hide in many foods. Play it safe when buying, preparing, and eating these specific foods. Get in-depth information on Listeria , resources for educating patients, and guidelines for submitting a specimen to CDC. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link.
The Listeria bacterium is able to enter and survive within immune cells such as macrophages. Within the cell, the bacteria can multiply and spread to neighboring cells, safe from the immune system.
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Listeria: What you need to know. What is it? Symptoms Causes Treatment Prevention Listeria monocytogenes Listeriosis is a food-borne infection caused by Listeria bacteria. People usually become ill with listeriosis after eating contaminated food. The disease primarily affects pregnant women, newborns, older adults, and people with weakened immune systems.
Listeriosis is usually a mild illness for pregnant women, but it causes severe disease in the fetus or newborn baby. Some people with Listeria infections, most commonly adults 65 years and older and people with weakened immune systems, develop severe infections of the bloodstream causing sepsis or brain causing meningitis or encephalitis.
Listeria infections can sometimes affect other parts of the body, including bones, joints, and sites in the chest and abdomen. Listeriosis can cause a variety of symptoms, depending on the person and the part of the body affected. Listeria can cause fever and diarrhea similar to other foodborne germs , but this type of Listeria infection is rarely diagnosed. Symptoms in people with invasive listeriosis, meaning the bacteria has spread beyond the gut, depend on whether the person is pregnant.
People with invasive listeriosis usually report symptoms starting 1 to 4 weeks after eating food contaminated with Listeria ; some people have reported symptoms starting as late as 70 days after exposure or as early as the same day of exposure. Listeriosis is usually diagnosed when a bacterial culture a type of laboratory test grows Listeria monocytogenes from a body tissue or fluid, such as blood, spinal fluid, or the placenta.
Listeriosis is usually caused by eating food contaminated with Listeria monocytogenes. If infection occurs during pregnancy, Listeria bacteria can spread to the baby through the placenta. You should seek medical care and tell the doctor about eating possibly contaminated food if you have a fever and other symptoms of possible listeriosis, such as fatigue and muscle aches, within two months after eating possibly contaminated food.
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